CHEM 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Thiophene, Lone Pair, Ammonia
17 Jun 2015
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Chem 212: introductory organic chemistry 1 lecture 11: aromaticity. Difference in number of hydrogens = 8. Units of unsaturation = 4 (1 per 2 hs) Naming monosubstituted benzene bromobenzene nitrobenzene ethylbenzene toluene phenol aniline. Molecular unit containing electrons (electrons in p-orbitals) that can be delocalized over three or more consecutive sp2 hybridized atoms. Propene is not a conjugated unsaturated system because the right end is a sp3 carbon. Allyl radical is a conjugated unsaturated system because all 3 carbons are sp2 carbons. Allyl cation is also a conjugated unsaturated system because all 3 carbons are sp2 carbons. Allyl anion is a conjugated unsaturated system because it has two resonance structures, in the first structure, the left two carbons are sp2; and in the second structure, the right two carbons are sp2. This is a non conjugated alkene because it has no array of p-orbitals--least stable. This is a partially conjugated alkene because it has partial array of p-orbitals--moderately stable.
