LING 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Complementary Distribution, Vocal Tract, Joule
23 Jun 2018
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-Tense vs lax vowels
-Tense vowels are produced with greater vocal tract constriction than lax vowels
-Tense vowels are longer than lax vowels
-Vowels is the main component where dialects differ
-If you were to round your lips on a vowel (ex. e) you are creating a sound that doesn't exist in
the english language but may exist in another language.
-If you un round your lips you create a vowel that doesn't exist in english but may exit in another
language.
-English doesn't have any high or mid unrounded back vowels and it doesn't have any rounded
front vowels (french does)
-Schwa and caret - 2 other vowels that are lax vowels
Lax: [^] (caret) cut
[e backwards] (schwa) the - most important vowel in english
[e backwards] is often called a ‘reduced’ vowel
It is a very important vowel for english, since unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa:
banAna [benaene]
cAnada [kaenede]
canAdian [kenedien]
-Any vowel thats not stressed becomes a schwa
[^] is the vowel corresponding to the ‘u’ is words such as ‘butter’, ‘to hunt’, ‘cut’…
cut [k^t]
-Basic diphthongs
Tense: [aj] shy
[aw] loud
[oj] soil, coy
Note: a majority of English varieties (including Canadian E.) pronounce tense vowels [e], [o], [u],
and [i] as diphthongs (except [a])
-You describe vowels based on their articulatory properties
-[i] high front unrounded, tense ex. leap
-[u] high back rounded, tense ex. loop
-[ej] mid front unrounded, tense ex. late
-[ow] mid back rounded, tense ex. load
-[a] low back unrounded, tense ex. lock
-[ae] low front unrounded, lax ex.bat
Tense
Lax
[i] or [ij] heat
[I] (cap I) hit
[e] or [ej] bait
[3 backwards] (epsilon) bet
[ae] (ash) van
[u] or [uw] shoot
[cap u] should
[o] or [ow] boat
[a] lock
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Tense vowels are produced with greater vocal tract constriction than lax vowels. Vowels is the main component where dialects differ. If you were to round your lips on a vowel (ex. e) you are creating a sound that doesn"t exist in the english language but may exist in another language. If you un round your lips you create a vowel that doesn"t exist in english but may exit in another language. English doesn"t have any high or mid unrounded back vowels and it doesn"t have any rounded front vowels (french does) Schwa and caret - 2 other vowels that are lax vowels. [e backwards] (schwa) the - most important vowel in english. [e backwards] is often called a reduced" vowel. It is a very important vowel for english, since unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa: banana [benaene] canada [kaenede] canadian [kenedien] Any vowel thats not stressed becomes a schwa.
