LING 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Close Vowel, Linguistic Competence, Affix
23 Jun 2018
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-Turkish plural suffix
-Are there two plural suffixes?
-Is the form of the plural suffix predicted?
-What predicts it?
-Roots selected by -ler
ip- oc- gul- ek-
-Roots selected by -lar
-k”l sap- uc- son-
-Can we generalize?
-Turkish vowels: roots selected by -ler —> non back
-Roots selected by -lar —> back
-Turkish plural suffix
-Yes
-The roots selected by -ler have something in
common: they contain a non back (front) vowel
-Note that -ler also contained a non-back vowel!
-Roots selected by -lar contain a back vowel!
-Lar contains a back vowel!
-Which one is basic?
-ler —> -lar in the context of a back vowel
-lar —> -ler in the context of a non back vowel
-Third: the suffix is I V r
-In other words, the vowel is underspecified: blue for backness left unspecified
-It gets filled in by a neighbouring vowel
-This process is called vowel harmony
-Derivation
-Keep in mind: our phonetic symbols for consonants and vowels are really shortcuts for an
assembly of phonetic features
-E.g b is short for voiced, bilabial, stop
-Turkish genitive suffix
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
-There are four forms of the suffix
-Is the form of the suffix predicted ?
-Roots selected by -in: ip- ek-
-Roots selected by -un: oc- gul-
-Roots selected by -in: kil- sap-
-Roots selected by -un: uc- son-
-Can we generalize?
-Of course!
-Turkish vowels
-Turkish genitive suffix
-In and -un have a high non back vowel, the former unrounded, the latter rounded
-Roots selected by -in have a non back unrounded vowel
-Roots selected by -un have a non back rounded vowel
-1n and -un contain high back vowels, the former unrounded, the latter round
-Roots selected by -1n contain a back unrounded vowel
-Roots selected by -un contain a back rounded vowel
-The suffix must be specified as a high vowel (not predictable), but unspecified for roundness
and backness
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Roots selected by -ler ip- oc- gul- ek- Turkish vowels: roots selected by -ler > non back. The roots selected by -ler have something in common: they contain a non back (front) vowel. Note that -ler also contained a non-back vowel! Roots selected by -lar contain a back vowel! Ler > -lar in the context of a back vowel. Lar > -ler in the context of a non back vowel. In other words, the vowel is underspecified: blue for backness left unspecified. It gets filled in by a neighbouring vowel. Keep in mind: our phonetic symbols for consonants and vowels are really shortcuts for an assembly of phonetic features. E. g b is short for voiced, bilabial, stop. In and -un have a high non back vowel, the former unrounded, the latter rounded. Roots selected by -in have a non back unrounded vowel. Roots selected by -un have a non back rounded vowel.
