MIMM 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Apoptosis, Radioresistance, Clonal Anergy
7 Jun 2018
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Lecture 33 – March 29, 2017
Vaccine classification
-
o Attenuated organism is no longer disease causing
o Sub-unit vaccine has antigens chosen from the organism
Vaccine strategies
- Whole organism*
o Live attenuated *
o Inactivated or killed*
- Purified macromolecule*
o Toxoid
o Subunit
o Conjugate
- Other
o Viral-like particles
o DNA
o Recombinant
o Know the ones with *
Attenuated vaccines
- Virus has multiple mutations that prevent it from causing a productive infection in
immunocompetent humans (exception: immunocompromised individuals)
- These vaccines have built in adjuvant → PAMPs from virus are there to trigger innate immune
response
Adjuvants
- Adjuvants are include to enhance the immune response to a vaccine
o What if your Ag is a weak stimulator
▪ Promoting some inflammation can recruit more immune cells to the area,
enhancing effectiveness
▪ Slowing down Ag release can promote longer interactions, enhancing
effectiveness
▪ Adjuvants are chemicals that can help
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Vaccine classification: attenuated organism is no longer disease causing, sub-unit vaccine has antigens chosen from the organism. Attenuated vaccines: know the ones with * Virus has multiple mutations that prevent it from causing a productive infection in immunocompetent humans (exception: immunocompromised individuals) These vaccines have built in adjuvant pamps from virus are there to trigger innate immune response. Healthy individuals are asked to accept an intrusion on their body for a societal good with no guarantee of: personal benefit, vaccine is not 100% effective, freedom from harm, no vaccine is 100% safe. Peak vaccine coverage in mid 90s (92%0 in 2003 down to 82% with some ares of london below. The percentage of vaccinated individuals in a population that is sufficient to contain the spread of infection. Tolerance ensures that the immune system avoids destroying host tissue. Many of the random rearrangements used to create b and t cell receptors could be self-reactive.
