PHGY 313 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pylorus, Megaloblastic Anemia, Metabolic Acidosis
24 May 2016
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Endocrine = gastrin acts locally (stomach) and distally (si, pancreas, liver) Antral and pyloric: endocrine region (gastrin, g cells (gastrin, ec cells (histamine, d cells (somatostatin) Fundus and body: oxyntic glandular area, exocrine region, oxyntic cells (release acid and intrinsic factor, chief cells (pepsinogen) Rings of connective tissue separate pyloric region from duodenum. Due to rapid entry of large amounts of material into the si. Symptoms: megaloblastic anemia, iron deficient anemia, metabolic acidosis: 1) function of stomach. Production of gastric juice isotonic with plasma. Oxyntic (a. k. a parietal) cell: hcl, intrinsic factor, gastroferrin (iron uptake) Mucous cell: goblet cell, mucous, alkaline juices. Chief cell: pepsinogen secretion, activated by hydrolysis to pepsin in stomach lumen: 4) pancreatic/liver/si secretion. How do oxyntic cells create acid: uptake of co2 from blood, conversion to carbonic acid, ca generates bicarbonate and h, bicarbonate exchanged for cl in blood (alkaline tide, active transport of hcl into lumen (h+ and cl- coupled)
