PSYC 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 51: Frontal Lobe, Phenylketonuria, Lysosome
16 Mar 2017
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Stroke-induced release of glutamate kills neurons sodium-potassium channels stop functioning due to a lack of oxygen and glucose the neuron membrane depolarizes which causes excessive glutamate release. Excessive glutamate triggers excessive influx of na+ and ca2+ ions by way of nmda receptors. Ca2+ ions into postsynaptic neurons: the excessive influx of sodium and calcium ions eventually kills postsynaptic neurons, but first it triggers the excessive release of glutamate from them, thus spreading the toxic substance. Administer an anticoagulant to prevent blood clotting (e. g. warfarin). Desmetoplase is an anticoagulant derived from an enzyme found in vampire bats. It can be injected directly into the brain. It can reduce stroke related clinical symptoms 9 hours after the stroke. Dissolve blood clot to re-establish blood circulation (e. g. tpa: tissue plasminogen activator). However, tpa can be toxic if it crosses the blood brain barrier reduce risk factors: high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol.
