ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chromosome, Hypospadias, Evangelicalism
8 May 2018
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Sex and Gender
What do we mean by sex?
- Sex.
o Biological differences between males and females
o XX = Female
o XY = Male
o XXY, XXX, etc..
Sex Characteristics
- Primary sex characteristics
o Reproductive organs
o Ovaries, testes, penis, vagina
- Secondary sex characteristics
o Physical – not directly related to reproduction
o Facial hair, breast development, height, muscle mass, …
Biggest differences between male and female are found in the pelvis.
Sexual dimorphism: the phenotypic difference between males and females of the
same species. Direct sex differences follow a bimodal distribution
Intersex, in brief
- Some intersex conditions
o Aphalia
o Clitoromegaly
o Hypospadias
o Hermaphroditism
o Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY chromosome)
What do we mean by gender?
- Gender – social role(s) in society; learned
- Cultural category
- Dynamic, variable
- 2 sexes =/= 2 genders
- Many societies have 3rd genders
Sexuality
- We don’t really know, but…
- Combination of biological factors
o Genetics
o Hormones
o Uterine environment
- No strong evidence for
o Parenting
o Childhood experiences
- Social factors affect expression
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Sex: biological differences between males and females, xx = female, xy = male, xxy, xxx, etc Primary sex characteristics: reproductive organs, ovaries, testes, penis, vagina. Secondary sex characteristics: physical not directly related to reproduction, facial hair, breast development, height, muscle mass, . Biggest differences between male and female are found in the pelvis. Sexual dimorphism: the phenotypic difference between males and females of the same species. Some intersex conditions: aphalia, clitoromegaly, hypospadias, hermaphroditism, klinefelter"s syndrome (xxy chromosome) Gender social role(s) in society; learned. Combination of biological factors: genetics, hormones, uterine environment. No strong evidence for: parenting, childhood experiences. Purpose of advertising: sell a product, idea, lifestyle, target an audience. Clothes, colours, hairstyles, activities, earrings/jewelry, body language, occupation, behaviour. Transgender: person whose gender identity, gender expression, or behaviour does not conform to their sex assigned at birth. Intersexed: term that describes individuals medically labeled as outside of typical or.
