BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Sister Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane, Chromosomal Translocation

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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Theme 5: the principle of inheritance; module 2: meiosis; 8 nov 2014. Meiosis allows for recombination of parental homologous chromosomes. Meiosis begins with mitosis, and then two consecutive cell divisions = four haploid daughter cells. Each daughter cell is genetically different from each other and parental cells. Compare mitosis to meiosis: 2 daughter cells vs. 4; same number of chromosomes vs. half the number of chromosomes; identical vs. genetically different. In females: produced one oocyte (with most of the and the other 3 are polar bodies. In males: 4 functional sperm cells are produced. The gametes form to produce a zygote with two complete sets of chromosomes. Chromosomes undergo condensation and synapsis (homolgous chromosomes pair up with each other and lay side by side: snyaptonemal complex forms between homolog. Chromo. are individual chromosomes inherited from each parent with different alleles of the same genes at the specific loci for specific genes.

Related Questions

Which of the following statement(s) about meiosis and mitosisis/are correct? Select ALL that are true.

	In mitosis the daughter cells aregenetically identical, but in meiosis the daughter cells aregenetically varied.
	Mitosis and meiosis both begin withduplicated chromosomes.
	Meiosis separates homologous chromosomesso that the number of chromosomes remains constant from onegeneration to the next.
	The products of mitosis are two diploidcells, whereas the products of meiosis are four haploid cells.

When is the number of different chromosomes in a cell divided inhalf?

	mitosis
	meiosis I
	meiosis II
	both mitosis and meiosis I
	both meiosis I and meiosis II

goldlion710

Determine whether the following applies to mitosis, meiosis, orboth; also identify the specific stage of cell division thatapplies (e.g. mitosis prophase, meiosis anaphase II, etc)

1) chromosomes pairs line up across the center of the cell

2) sister chromatids seperate

3) spindle fibers separate homologous chromosomes

4) 4 haploid daughter cells are produced

5) a cell 1st undergoes DNA replication

6) chromosomes line up single file across the middle of thecell

7) sister chromatids separate from each other

8) 2 haploid daughter cells form

9) the nuclear membrane re forms

10) spindle fibers attach to pairs of homologous chromosomes

11) the nuclear membrane begins to dissolve

12) centrosomes duplicate

13) synapsis and crossing over occurs

14) 2 diploid daughter cells form

turquoiseporpoise808

M2A1 Worksheet: Mitosis and Meiosis

A dog is a diploid organisms and has 39 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 78), where n = 39 chromosomes from each parent. Use this example to answer the following question regarding chromosomal number.

INTERPHASE

How many chromosomes are present in the somatic cell?

What do they look like?

What are they âdoingâ in G1 of this phase?

What is happening in the S phase?

What is happening in the G2 phase?

What follows G2 phase in a somatic cell?

What follows G2 phase in a gamete cell?

MITOSIS

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in the daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in the daughter cell.

How many daughter cells are produced?

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?

How many cell divisions take place?

In what type of cell does this division occur?

Meiosis 1:

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis 1?

Meiosis II:

Number of chromosomes in the âparentâ cell (which is a daughter cell from Meiosis I).

Number of chromatids in the âparentâ cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis II?

Which phase or phases of Meiosis account for the genetic variability among the daughter cells? Howâ¦ what happens in this phase to create the diversity?

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosisâ¦..

How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Are they diploid or Haploid?

Cell structures and function: Match each organelle to its function:

Organelle Function

Lysosome 1. Lipid synthesis

Rough ER 2. Houses DNA

Nucleus 3. Energy extraction

Smooth ER 4. Dismantles debris

Golgi apparatus 5. detoxification

Mitochondria 6. Protein synthesis

Peroxisome 7. Processes secretions

What is the function of checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle?

How can all of a personâs cells contain exactly the same genetic material, yet specialize as bone cells, nerve cells, muscle cells and connective tissues?

What are the 3 primary germ layers?

Briefly, in one or two sentences, distinguish between

a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell

interphase and mitosis

mitosis and apoptosis

an autosome and a sex chromosome

homologous pair of chromosomes and a sister chromatid

centromere and centriole

chromosome and chromatid

monozygotic and dizygotic twins

allele and gene

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Sister Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane, Chromosomal Translocation

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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