BIOLOGY 2A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Osmotic Concentration, Nernst Equation, Sodium Chloride
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17 Jan 2017
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The most energetically intensive task performed by the cell. It is a function performed by the cell membrane: It is a selective barrier: transport proteins dictate movement in or out of the cell, can participate in cell-to-cell signalling through membrane proteins. Transport across membranes is very important for homeostasis: two types of transport: Occurs by: simple diffusion across membrane or carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion. A concentration gradient creates a chemical driving force. Solute moves from high concentration to low concentration (downhill) until uniform distribution, known as diffusive equilibrium. Flux: the rate of solute movement across the membrane. Net flux: the sum of the flux of all directions. Diffusion time distance2, meaning, diffusion is only effective over short distances. Net diffusion flux rate of a solute is di(cid:272)tated (cid:271)y fi(cid:272)k"s la(cid:449) ((cid:272)he(cid:373)i(cid:272)al dri(cid:448)i(cid:374)g force alone), where kp is the permeability constant, a is the membrane area, t is membrane thickness, and c is concentration difference.
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