HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Non-Coding Rna, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Acetyl Group
29 Mar 2018
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On each chromosome is a number of genes which are the part of the chromosome that code for protein. You can see there are a b c and d genes; individual is homozygous for gene a and c and heterozygous for the rest. Special cases where genes are x linked: genes on x, women have 2 copies and men have o(cid:374)e so if the(cid:396)e"s so(cid:373)ethi(cid:374)g (cid:449)(cid:396)o(cid:374)g (cid:449)ith it it magnifies the risk for men. An example is the pattern of inheritance for colour blindness, an x-linked trait. Females have to inherit 2 copies of the defective gene to be affected. Different individuals may have a slightly different sequence of nucleotides, not really a (cid:862)(cid:373)utatio(cid:374)(cid:863), just (cid:448)a(cid:396)iatio(cid:374) as i(cid:374) snps (single base change which can result in silent mutation or cause something like sickle cell) Mutations are introduced when dna replicates and sometimes this is not repaired, leaving a different nucleotide than the original, this is not always a bad thing.
