HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Organelle, Active Transport, Mitochondrion
22 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CELL BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY
E33 CC E
33 E
.
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Cell Biology
•
Animal cells are eukaryote while bacterial cells are prokaryotic
-
eukaryotic :
many compartments bounded by membranes
-
prokaryotic :no membrane bound organ ells
•Capsule in prokaryotic cell
helps it evade immune system
Plasma Membrane
•
Idef .)lipid bilayer 12 layers with their polar groups facing the aqueous environment on either
side
-
Polar phospholipid head +Nonpolar fatty acyl talk =AMPHIPAHHC molecules
>
Different heads appear more often on one side or the other of the cell membrane
>Phosphatidylsevihe t)makes up more of the Inner membrane with
pnosphatidyl ethanolamine
-
membrane restricts the entry of Substances into the cell
-
There are proteins embedded and anchored in the membrane
Integral and Peripheral Proteins
•
Integral Proteins :proteins in the membrane which are embedded with hydrophobic regions in the
membrane and hydrophilic regions on either side
-
Functions include channels 1transporters ,and receptors for hormones or neurotransmitters
•
Peripheral Proteins :proteins that attach to integral proteins or the edges of the lipid bilayer temporarily
Cell Transport
/
•
There are 2components to an electrochemical gradient -concentration gradient Iuncharged molecules )+ charge gradient
-
The Interior of the cell 11 negative .
'
.positive ions will AHHH In Warde and heqahhe 10ns may require energy to more
inward against charge gradient
Modes of Transport
•
Passive Transport :Transport across membrane can happen with simple diffusion or facilitated diffusion 1NO ENERGY)
Document Summary
Animal cells are eukaryote while bacterial cells are prokaryotic eukaryotic : many compartments bounded by membranes prokaryotic : no membrane bound organ ells. Capsule in prokaryotic cell helps it evade immune system. I def . ) lipid bilayer 12 layers with their polar groups facing the aqueous environment on either side. Polar phospholipid head + non polar fatty acyl talk. Different heads appear more often on one side or the other of the cell membrane. Phosphatidylsevihe t ) makes up more of the. Inner membrane with pnosphatidyl ethanolamine membrane restricts the entry of substances into the cell. There are proteins embedded and anchored in the membrane. Integral proteins : proteins in the membrane which are embedded with hydrophobic regions in the membrane and hydrophilic regions on either side. Functions include channels 1 transporters , and receptors for hormones or neurotransmitters. Peripheral proteins : proteins that attach to integral proteins or the edges of the lipid bilayer temporarily.
