🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
HomeClass Notes1,200,000CA670,000

KINESIOL 2YY3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Subclavian Artery, Descending Aorta, Cardiac Output

17 views6 pages
indigohornet100
26 Jan 2018
School
McMaster University
Department
Kinesiology
Course
KINESIOL 2YY3
Professor
Krista Howarth

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

The first thing the arteries hit is venules. Endothelial cells and basement membrane with a few smooth muscle cells. As the diameter of venules increases, the amount of smooth muscle increases. As you move away from the capillary bed. Some gas exchange can occur in some venules (post-capillary venules) Veins are formed from the union of several venules. Compared to arteries veins have a thinner tunica interna and media and a thicker tunica externa. Not as strong as artery walls due to veins having less pressure. Veins have less elastic tissue and less smooth muscle than arteries. Are found in all veins greater than 2 mm in diameter. Beyond 2 mm need a system to prevent backflow. More valves in lower extremities (going against gravity) vs the upper extremities. During exercise you can squeeze your veins to send blood to heart. In the lower extremities, due to a leaky valve. Causes larger than normal volume in a vein.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents

KINESIOL 2YY3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 21: Blood Vessel, Intestinal Villus, Elastic Fiber
purplehound890
KINESIOL 2YY3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Tunica Externa, Tunica Intima, Myocyte
lemonkoala267

Related Questions

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of bloodflow?

a. heart --> atery --> arteriole --> capillary -->vein --> venule --> heart

b. heart --> vein --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> artery --> heart

c. heart --> artery --> arteriole --> capillary -->venule --> vein --> heart

d. heart --> artery --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> vein --> heart

e. heart--> artery --> capillary --> arteriole -->venule --> vein --> heart

2. What are the functions of the elastic fibers that are foundin the walls of ateries? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. they allow the artery to stretch and then recoil back to itsoriginal shape as blood is forcegully pumped from the heart intothe arteries

b. they allow arteries to lengthen as the volume of blood in thearteries increase

c. they help maintain a steady blood pressure during thedifferent phases of heart contraction

d. they smooth out the walls of the arteries to preventturbulent blood flow

3. Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system?(there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. help fight infections and cancer

b. allows excess interstitial fluid (fluid found between thecells in your tissues) to get dumped back into your blood

c. brings large molecules from fat digestion into thebloodstream so that they can be processed and stored

d. all of the above are functions of the lymphatic system

4. Which of the following blood vessels bring newly oxygenatedblood from the blood vessels in the lungs back to the heart so thatthe heart can pump it to the rest of the body?

Select one:

a. aorta

b. inferior vena cava

c. pulmonary vein

d. pulmonary artery

5. Which of the following mechanisms help blood fight gravity sothat, for instance, it can return from blood vessels in your feetback into your heart? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. breathing allows the pressure in your chest to decrease andallow blood to flow up towards your heart

b. as you walk, the skeletal muscles in your legs contract andsqueeze the veins; since veins have valves, blood flows up anddoesn't backflow back down

c. the force of blood flowing out of the heart and into thearteries pushes all of the blood along, causing blood to return tothe heart

d. precapillary sphincters open to allow blood to flow backtowards the heart

6. The tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves prevent backflow ofblood from the atria into the ventricles.

Select one:

True

False

7. The following sequence represents the correct order of bloodflow through the heart:

inferior and superior vena cava --> right atrium --> rightventricle --> pulmonary artery --> lungs --> pulmonaryvein --> left atrium --> left ventricle --> aorta

Select one:

True

False

8. Capillaries are as wide as one red blood cell.

Select one:

True

False

9. The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenatedblood to the walls of the heart so that the muscles in the heartwalls can contract.

Select one:

True

False

10. Vasodilation refers to the narrowing of blood vessels.

Select one:

True

False

QuestionGroup: #37 CNS

Assigned as

Homework

37

Which parts of the brain contribute to our social behavior?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

B

Mirror neurons

C

Amygdala

D

All of these are correct

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #38 CNS2

Assigned as

Homework

38

Part of the explanation of long term memory is which of the following?

A

Long term potentiation between neurons and muscle cells

B

Long term potentiation between neurons

C

Short term translation

D

Long term transcription

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #39 PNS

Assigned as

Homework

39

The somatic component of the peripheral nervous system has which of the following characteristics?

A

It controls the smooth muscle in the blood vessels so that blood vessels can vasoconstrict or vasodilate

B

It controls the autonomic nervous system so it indirectly controls heart rate

C

It controls your skeletal muscle so you can answer this question by pushing on the keyboard

D

It controls the smooth muscle in your intestinal tract so it controls peristalsis

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #40 Smooth/skeletal

Assigned as

Homework

40

Which of the following is NOT a part of a skeletal muscle cell?

A

Motor neurons

B

Nuclei

C

Sarcomeres

D

Actin

E

Myosin

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #41 Cardio

Assigned as

Homework

41

Which part of the circulatory system has the highest pressure?

A

Veins

B

Capillaries

C

Arteries

D

Aorta

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #42 Cardio2

Assigned as

Homework

42

Where do the electrical signals originate in your heart?

A

SA node

B

Internodal tracts

C

His-Purkinje System

D

AV node

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #43 Blood pressure

Assigned as

Homework

43

There was a horrific traffic accident and you run to help the victims. You feel a pulse from his carotid artery ,however the medic comes along and gets no blood pressure as he measures it from the arm. He claims the victim is dead. You think which of the following?

A

Medic is not correct since it is the difference between heart rate and blood pressure that determines life. No heart rate only means tha the sympathetics have stopped vasoconstricting the blood vessels.

B

Medic is correct since it is common to not have a blood pressure of 120/80 and no pulse due to stress as was discussed in class.

C

Medic is incorrect since there is a pulse. This means the person is still alive.

D

Medic is correct since there is no blood pressure there is no life.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #44 Blood pressure2

Assigned as

Homework

44

Which side of the capillary bed has the higher oncotic pressure?

A

venous and lymph

B

arterial and lymph

C

lymph

D

venule side

E

arterial side

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #45 Capillaries

Assigned as

Homework

45

If the hydrostatic pressure is higher in the interstitial space rather than the capillary, which of the following will occur?

A

(2),(3)

B

(1),(2),(3)

C

(3) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the arterial end of the capillary

D

(2) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the venous end of the capillary

E

(1) No change in the hydrostatic pressure since this pressure is maintained regardless of external pressures.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #46 Respiration/ ventilation

Assigned as

Homework

46

The left atrium is damaged and is generating a great resistance to blood coming from pulmonary vein. What happens due to this pressure?

A

Back up of blood in the pulmonary artery which causes pulmonary capillary edema

B

Generation of back flow into the inferior vena cava

C

Generation of coronary artery edema

D

Back up of blood in the pulmonary vein which causes pulmonary capillary edema

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #47 Respiration/ventilation 2

Assigned as

Homework

47

Edema in the pulmonary circulation refers to which of the following?

A

additional fluid in the trachea

B

additional interstitial fluid

C

additional surfactant

D

additional capillary fluid

E

additional intracellular fluid

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #48 Cell communication

Assigned as

Homework

48

What is the definition of a signaling pathway?

A

All the proteins in the nucleus

B

All the cell molecules in the mitochondria

C

A group of genes that control mitosis

D

A specific chemical pathway that is activated by the ligand/receptor complex.

Answered

Change your responses to resubmit

QuestionGroup: #49 Hormone/ menstruation

Assigned as

Homework

49

Which hormone directly causes ovulation?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

B

Lutenizing hormone

C

Progesterone

D

Estrogen

E

All of these