KINESIOL 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Posterior Pituitary, Pineal Gland, Epithalamus
14 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Autocrine: chemicals secreted from cells that regulate the functions of the cells that secreted them; localized; inflammation, white blood cells: regulate secretion of chemicals from wbcs. Paracrine: cell that releases chemicals which affect the behaviour of nearby cells; localized: white blood cells secrete histamine and affect nearby tissue smooth muscle that lines arterial part of vascular system; promotes smooth muscle relaxation (vasodilation) Neurotransmitter: to activate muscle cell to produce force we active motor neuron in the spinal cord that secrets acetylcholine- nt that muscles pick up to translate to ap force production. Endocrine: cells that secrete chemicals that affect tissues far away from the secreting cells: eg. Midbrain region affects abdominal organs, repro organs, muscle tissue etc; cv transports them: epinephrine is used as a nt btwn neurons but is also secreted from an endocrine gland. Glands that secrete chemical messengers (hormones) into circulatory system directly changes cell physiology (affects the rate of metabolic pathways eg. protein synthesis, glycolysis)
