ORIGINS 2B03 Lecture 15: Lecture 15

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turquoiseant391

9 Feb 2012

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Piece of molecular cloud collapses into a disk, Dust grains can form and then come together to make chunks of rock which can come together to make rocky planets. Ice forms at the larger radii (too hot close to the star). Gas giants planets are built up from ice cores. Way more materials form ices than rocks (thus giants) Gas giants must form further out from "ices", if there is lots of gas still in the disk the ice cores can accumulate h and he to be like jupiter and saturn. Planets can migrate from where they were formed due to gravitational interaction they move closer. Life elsewhere could be different than life on earth. Other circumstances can make more distant planets habitable (volcanoes, oceans, etc. ) Earth the only location of life that we know of. There are a surprising number of astronomical conditions that need to be met!

Related Questions

Which, if any, of the following statements is/are true?

1)Our galaxy, The Milky Way, is a member of The Local Group, whichis one of several groups of galaxies located in the VirgoSupercluster.
2)Most astrophysicists believe that our Solar System formed from animmense cloud of gas and dust about 4-1/2 million years ago.
3)Planets are believed to have formed by a process known asaccretion.
4)Two key elements in the Condensation Theory of PlanetaryFormation are 5)Conservation of Angular Momentum and CondensationNuclei.
6)The name of the second largest object in the Universe is TheSouthern Wall.
7)In our Solar System, the four jovian planets, Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus, and Neptune, are separated from the four terrestrialplanets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, by the Kuiper Belt.
8)Our star, The Sun, is located on the Orion Arm, about 26,000light-years from the center of the Andromeda Galaxy.
9)It takes a photon of light about 4-1/5 years to travel from ourSolar System to the second closest star to Earth, ProximaCentauri.
10)The full range of human knowledge about our Universe spans about40 or 41 orders of magnitude on a spatial scale and about 13.7billion years on a temporal scale.
11)It takes a photon of light about 5-1/2 hours to travel from theSun to the orbit of the former planet Pluto.

Question 4. You are driving your car at 45 mph. Your car has mass1435kg. You run into a car that has mass 1084kg and is going 55 mphin the opposite direction. The two cars lock bumpers, so they movetogether. No one hits the brakes. How fast will the cars move afterthe collision? Give your answer in mph to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 1.97

Question 5 (1 point)
If your distance from the center of a planet becomes 0.81 timeswhat it was before, what happens to your weight? Give the answer interms of the number by which you would multiply your originalweight. Express your answer in scientific notation, to threesignificant figures. E.g. if you move to 3.4 times as far from thecenter of the planet as you were before, your weight would bemultiplied by (1/3.4 squared) = 0.08650519=8.65E-2. This answer hasNO units

Correct answer: 1.52E0 (1.52 * 100)

Question 6 (1 point)
If you weigh 232.12 lb on the Earth, what do you weigh at the topof a tower (on Earth) where the tower is 0.22 Earth radii tall.Give your answer in pounds to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 155.95

Question 7 (1 point)
If you weigh 96.6 lb on the Earth. Then the Earth collapses. Thereis no change of Earth's total mass, and the surface just contracts,but the radius decreases to 0.15 times what it was formally? Whatdo you weigh after the expansion. Tell the number of pounds to twodecimal places.

Correct answer: 4293.33

Question 8 (1 point)
If you weigh 142.2 lb on the Earth, what do you weigh on adifferent planet where the planet has mass 1.0 times as much asEarth's and radius 0.5 times as large as Earth's. Give your answerin pounds to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 568.80

Question 9 (1 point)
What is the smallest velocity that will enable you to escape fromthe Earth if you are 2.66 Earth radii from the center of the Earth?Give your answer in scientific notation to three significantfigures. Remember that the Earth orbits the Sun at 30 km/sec andthat satellites at about 1 Earth radius from the center go 7.8km/sec.

Correct answer: 6.76E0 (6.76 * 100)

Question 10 (1 point)
You hit the 8 ball and it moves East at 3.8 cm/sec. It hits the 3ball. After the collision, the 8 ball continues to move, but withspeed 2.3 in the East direction. How fast does the 3 ball move?Tell the answer to one decimal place and follow it by the directionthat it moves.

Correct answer: 1.5

Question 11 (1 point)
A rocket has 556 kg of fuel and 142 kg of solid parts. The fuelexits the rocket at a speed of 4504 meters/second. If the fuelcomes out all at one moment, how fast will the rocket be goingafter the fuel leaves? Assume that the rocket and the fuel were notmoving before the fuel left. Use the positive sign for thedirection that the fuel goes. Express your answer in scientificnotation to three significant figures.

Correct answer: -1.76E4 (-1.76 * 104)

19. The interstellar medium has a cool component measuredvia_________ observations and a hot component revealed by________observations.
AX-ray; optical
BX-ray; infrared
CX-ray;gamma-ray
Doptical; X-ray
Einfrared; X-ray

20. Which of the following processes will NOT cause a gas cloudtocollapse?
Aionization from youngstars
Bsupernovaexplosions
Cgalacticrotation
Dthe expansion of theUniverse

21. What is responsible for emitting photons in anemissionnebula?
Aexcitedprotons
Bexcitedneutrons
Cexcitedelectrons
Dexcitedneutrinos
Eexcitedastronomers

22. White dwarf stars are supported from collapse by
Anuclear fusionreactions in a shell around the core.
Belectron degeneracypressure.
Cnuclear fusion reactionsin their cores.
Dcentrifugal force due torapid rotation.

23. The "star" that is seen at the center of a planetarynebulais
Aa planet in theprocess of formation.
Ba small, hot, and verydense, white dwarf star.
Cthe accretion disk arounda black hole.
Dcomposed almost entirelyof neutrons, and is spinning rapidly.

24. A white dwarf star, the surviving core of a low-massstartowards the end of its life, can be found ontheHertzsprung-Russell diagram
Aat the bottom end ofthe main sequence, along which it has evolvedthroughout itslife.
Babove and to the right ofthe main sequence, since it evolved thereafter itshydrogen-burning phase.
Cbelow and to the left ofthe main sequence.
Dat the upper left end ofthe main sequence, since its surfacetemperature is extremelyhigh.

25. The mechanism which gives rise to the phenomenon of thenovais
Amaterial fallinginto a black hole and being condensed to the pointwhere athermonuclear explosion is produced.
Bthe impact and subsequentexplosion of a large comet nucleus upon astar's surface.
Cthe completedisintegration of a massive star because ofthermonuclear runawayin the star's interior.
Dmatter from a companionstar falling onto a white dwarf in a closebinary system,eventually causing a nuclear explosion on thedwarf'ssurface.

ORIGINS 2B03 Lecture 15: Lecture 15

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