PSYCH 1X03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Classical Conditioning
9 May 2016
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Document Summary
Classical conditioning: allows for association of two related events. Instrumental conditioning: allows for association of actions and consequences. Begun by russian physiologist ivan pavlov in 1890s and 1900s. Witnessed salivation in dogs upon anticipation of food. Conditional reflex: conditional upon training, eg. Sound of metronome signaled the advent of food to dogs. Prior to training, sound did not influence dog"s behavior. Following training, dogs were noted to salivate upon hearing the sound. Contingent relationship: presentation of one stimulus reliably leads to presentation of another. Classical conditioning: learning of a contingency between a particular signal and a later event that are paired in time and/or space. Unconditioned stimulus: any stimulus or event, occurs naturally, prior to learning, unconditionally, naturally and automatically triggers a response in the absence of any learning. Unconditioned response: response that always occurs after the unconditioned stimulus, occurs naturally, prior to any learning, biologically programmed reflex or natural response.
