BIOL 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Molecular Marker, Molecular Genetics, Genetic Variation
9 May 2020
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Document Summary
Genetic markers are heritable characters with multiple states at each character. Typically, they have two different states (alleles) per character (locus) All genetic markers reflect differences in dna sequences. Separate loci provide independent tests of a hypothesis, this using many markers together yields extreme precision. There are 3 classes of molecular markers: protein. Immunological micro-complement fixation, allozymes (sge: dna pre-pcr. Dna-dna hybridization, relps (mtdna), minisatellites (dna fingerprinting: dna post-pcr. Direct sequencing, sscps, rapds, aflps, sines, microsatellites, snps and more. Molecular markers began their usage in the early. 1960s, when complex sequencing had not yet been invented. Variation in a genome was identified and assayed via proteins. Dna-dna hybridization was one of the more widespread markers. The polymerase chain reaction (pcr) revolutionized the molecular genetics field. Molecular approaches that now depend on pcr: Pcr enabled non-invasive sampling and the analysis of ancient and other forensic quality samples.
