BCHM 310 Lecture 27: BCHEM 315 10:1
22 Dec 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
BCHEM 315 10/1
2 His and a Lys interacting w 2 phosphates in BPG
ans: A
Enzymes
Proteins that act as catalysts
- Substances that incr the approach to equilibrium of a chem rx and they are not used
up/consumed in the process (recycled)
Going to talk about:
1. Fundamental properties
2. Understand disease (if we know what the enzymes look like we know what their
mechanisms are and can design a therapeutic intervention)
3. Industrial perspective
1-3 involved in:
- metabolism (metabolic rxs)
o signal transduction, digestion (human cells or bacteria in gut)
- Enzymes assoc w disease states, therefor represent drug targets
- biotech applications
o ex. green chemistry
properties
1. allow for fast rx rates, speed up rx rates → 105 to 107 times faster than uncat rx
2. provide greater rx specificity
a. enzyme (E) allows for identification of substrate(s)
b. E interacts w S→ occurs at active site within the enzyme structure
Active site: typically a pocket or cleft in enzyme w a complementary shape and physiochem
properties
- Preformed active site w lock and key fit
- Active site undergoes a conform change to accommodate S → Induced fit
- E are stereospecific→ recognize chirality of S
3. E can be regulated by:
a. Enzyme act affected by other molecules ie. Allosteric effectors
b. Inhibitors bind active site of enzyme, therefor compete w substrate for binding
to the enzyme
c. Posttranslational mod, ex. phosphorylation on Ser, Tyr or Thr may incr or decr
enzymatic activity
4. E may require cofactors for function
a. Cofactors= metal ions (Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Fe2+)
Document Summary
2 his and a lys interacting w 2 phosphates in bpg. Substances that incr the approach to equilibrium of a chem rx and they are not used up/consumed in the process (recycled) Going to talk about: fundamental properties, understand disease (if we know what the enzymes look like we know what their mechanisms are and can design a therapeutic intervention, industrial perspective. Metabolism (metabolic rxs: signal transduction, digestion (human cells or bacteria in gut) Enzymes assoc w disease states, therefor represent drug targets. Active site: typically a pocket or cleft in enzyme w a complementary shape and physiochem properties. Preformed active site w lock and key fit. Active site undergoes a conform change to accommodate s induced fit. Heme group: apo-enzyme: protein alone, halo enzyme: completely functional enzyme including cofactor/coenzymes, most efficient catalysis occurs here. Act energy= delta g required to go from s p. Act energy + overall e release= delta g required to go from p s.
