BIOL 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Maltose, Anticoagulant, Gastric Acid
25 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Food vacuoles are made the same way as protozoa in paramecium. Has cilia and anal pore for undigested materials. Digested food products are phagocytosed directly into cells that line gastrovascular cavity and are further digested intracellularly. Possesses an opening that serves as both entry and exit for food (i. e. wastes are also excreted from the mouth). However, more complex organisms have alimentary canals with openings at both ends: humans. Plants are made of cellulose, whose 1-4 linkages are very hard to hydrolyze. Humans do not possess the genes to make the enzyme needed. Only microorganisms have developed enzymes to hydrolyze those bonds and digest cellulose into component sugars. These microorganisms live in the caecum (a pouch) and produce cellulases (digestive enzymes). The caecum is found between the small and large intestines. In horses, the caecum can have >30 l capacity. Its feces can be fibrous because of remaining cellulose: rabbits.
