NURS 205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Ulcerative Colitis, Toxic Megacolon, Inflammatory Bowel Disease
9 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Gi tract disorders characterized by inflammation and ulceration: varied clinical manifestations, unpredictable periods of remission and exacerbation, can be debilitating, two disorders: ulcerative colitis and crohn"s disease. Starts distally in rectum and spreads proximally up colon. Disease severity: mild: 1-2 semi-formed stools/day w small amount of blood, moderate: 4-5 stools/day and increased bleeding, severe: bloody diarrhea w mucous, occurring 10-20 stools/day. 1: higher risk for osteoporosis and related fractures, diabetes mellitus is the most frequent co-morbidity, corticosteroids used to treat uc may be associated w onset of glucose intolerance and diabetes, w difficult control of glucose levels. Nursing interventions: education, diet, smoking cessations, weight-bearing exercises, dietary supplemental calcium and vitamin d. Can lead to side effects: nausea, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, headache. Effective in treatment of mild-moderate disease episodes. Maintenance dose usually con"t 1 year (need to be on it for at least 1 year: corticosteroids. Iv methylprednisone or hydrocortisone: moderate to severe disease or 5-asa ineffective.
