PHAR 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Basal Ganglia, Mental Disorder, Dopamine Receptor

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Course: PHAR 100
• Professor: Bill Racz

Document Summary

3 phases: 1) premorbid phase subtle motor, cognitive and social impairments 2)prodromal phase (early non specific symptoms) mood, cognitive symptoms, social withdrawal, Ocd and 3)full syndrome substantial functional deterioration in self care, work and interpersonal relationships. Positive symptoms: hallucinations and delusions, irrational beliefs, paranoia and grandeur, unconnected thoughts. Negative symptoms: blunting of emotional expression, alogia (speech that is brief and uncommunicative), avolition (inability to initiate or engage in goal directed activities), anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure), social withdrawal. Describe the two types of antipsychotics drugs. Typical antipsychotics (first generation) block d2 receptors and in doing downregulate dopamine release by mediating extrapyramidal symptoms. However, this had effects on the basal ganglia and caused symptoms similar to parkinsons. Chlorpromazine block d2, m, histamine and ne receptors. Side effects include dry mouth/blurred vision (ach), hypotension/ sedation (ne) and sedation/ antiemetic (h). Atypical antipsychotics (second generation) are specific to d3 and d4 receptors.