PHAR 340 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Sodium Nitrite, Purine, Acetylcholinesterase

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Course: PHAR 340
• Professor: Thomas Massey

Document Summary

Antidote blocks conversion of poison to toxic metabolite. Cn poisoning: accelerates conversion of cn to thiocyanate (nontoxic) via transsulfurase which is speed up by admin sulfur donor (thiosulfate) Nano2 incr ld50 5 times, thiosulfate incr ld50 3 times and both incr ld50 18 times. Fomepizole: treats methanol poisoning (antifreeze) via inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase (ethanol-metab by same pathway but has higher affinity for adh) + admin an alkali to combat acidosis + hemodialysis if it was a large amount of methanol. Methanol metab to hcho + hcooh in retinal cells causing blindness. Aspirin: na bicarbonate makes the urine alkaline enhances excretion of salicylate. Bromide: used to be in otc sleep aids, minor analgesics, salts from dead sea lead to rash, gi disturbance, confusion, cns effects. Treatment= nacl or nh4cl to incr halide excretion (kidney dn distinguish bn halides) and thus br excretion. 50% cohb: headache, flushing, weakness, vomiting, red skin.