PSYC 370 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cognitive Reserve, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Mptp

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 370
• Professor: Janet L Menard

Document Summary

Genetically programmed form of cell death (a) healthy neuron: defined cell membrane. Intact cytoplasm and nucleus (b) initial stage of apoptotis: cell contorts, dna breaks up (c) final stage of apoptosis, cell breaks into membrane bound pieces, microglia (macrophages) remove the debris. Eventual lysis and spilling of cellular contents into extra-cellular space. Deterioration and death of a neuron following damage. Anterograde degeneration- breakdown of the distal segment of a neuron: once separated from cell body, distal portion begins to degenerate rapidly. Retrograde degeneration- breakdown of the proximal segment of a neuron (happens over a few days) slowly: actual cell body itself is degraded, not inevitable. Transneuronal degeneration- spread of degeneration from damaged neurons to neurons connected via synapses: antero and retrograde, loss of neurotrophins. Collateral sprouting- when an axon degenerates, axon branches grow out from adjacent healthy neurons & synapse at the sites vacated by the degenerating axon.