PAT 20A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Hypertrophy, Hypocapnia, Hypercapnia
2 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Asthma: (cid:862)a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways; characterized by episodic, reversible airway narrowing resulting from an exaggerated bronchoconstriction response to various stimuli (triggers)(cid:863) (lewis 709) Asthma occurs as a result of environmental (endogenous or exogenous) effects on the airways that trigger a series of events in the immune system of a genetically predisposed individual. These events lead to airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction (airway narrowing). Triggers of asthma attacks: allergens, exaggerated ige response to allergens, allergens attach to ige receptors on mast cells. Identify the diagnostic/laboratory studies used to diagnose asthma. Pulmonary function studies: spirometry, measures how fast and how much air you breathe out, done pre and post bronchodilator, measures forced expiratory volume in 1 second (fev1) + forced vital capacity (fvc) Identifies air flow obstruction: fev (cid:894)for(cid:272)ed e(cid:454)pirator(cid:455) volume, pef (cid:894)peak e(cid:454)pirator(cid:455) flow(cid:895, fev1 (forced expiratory volume) >12% improvement after: peak flow meter, measures peak expiratory flow rate (pefr, can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.
