PSY 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Inter-Rater Reliability, Pigeonholing, Abnormal Psychology
27 Apr 2018
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Chapter 9 – Psychological disorders
Abnormal psychology – study of psychological disorders
- There is no universal definition of what is abnormal behaviour
- Thee ae ay diffeet oeptios ith pos ad os: 4 D’s i aoal psyhology
o Deviance – behaviour, thoughts, and emotions that are considered abnormal when they
diffe fo a soiety’s ideas aout pope futioig. Vaies fo soiety to soiety
▪ Statistical Rarity – uncommon in the population or deviates from what is
considered average.eg. Someone whose I.Q is a lot lower than the average adult
(seen as abnormal)
Subjective Distress – mental disorders that produce emotional pain. Describes
unpleasant feelings or emotions that impact your level of functioning
o Dysfunction/impairment – most etal disodes itefee ith people’s aility to
function in everyday life. Part or process of the mind body has difficulty functioning, fails
to function or functions abnormally
▪ Biological Dysfunction – many mental disorders may result from the
breakdowns or failures of the brain. Eg. Under-activation of frontal lobes in
schizophrenia or psychopathy
o Danger – psychological dysfunction become dangerous to themselves or others. Eg.
Individuals are consistently hostile or confused, they may put themselves, family
members, or friends at risk
Misconception
- Psychiatric diagnosis is nothing more than pigeonholing
- Psychiatric diagnosis is unreliable
- Psychiatric diagnosis is invalid
- Psychiatric diagnosis stigmatize people
Pigeonholing?
- Putting people into specific categories
- Deprives them of their uniqueness
o Implies all people with the same diagnosis are alike in all important respects
o But in reality, a diagnosis implies only that all people with that diagnosis are alike in at
least 1 important respect
Unreliable
- Reliability refers to consistency in measurement of a research study or measuring test
o The validity is pretty important here
- In the media and tv we see dueling experts with one saying one thing and the other saying
another
- In fact this is an example of inter-rater reliability, it has an impact and we remember it. looking
at the stats, we see that inter-rater reliability is higher on one side than another. Inter-rater
reliability- is the degree of agreement among raters. It shows the how much homogeneity, or
consensus, there is in the ratings given by judges
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
There is no universal definition of what is abnormal behaviour. Subjective distress mental disorders that produce emotional pain. Describes unpleasant feelings or emotions that impact your level of functioning: dysfunction/impairment most (cid:373)e(cid:374)tal diso(cid:396)de(cid:396)s i(cid:374)te(cid:396)fe(cid:396)e (cid:449)ith people"s a(cid:271)ility to function in everyday life. Part or process of the mind body has difficulty functioning, fails to function or functions abnormally: biological dysfunction many mental disorders may result from the breakdowns or failures of the brain. Under-activation of frontal lobes in schizophrenia or psychopathy: danger psychological dysfunction become dangerous to themselves or others. Individuals are consistently hostile or confused, they may put themselves, family members, or friends at risk. Implies all people with the same diagnosis are alike in all important respects: but in reality, a diagnosis implies only that all people with that diagnosis are alike in at least 1 important respect. Reliability refers to consistency in measurement of a research study or measuring test: the validity is pretty important here.
