ARCH 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Shanidar Cave, Hyoid Bone, Bone Fracture

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Archaeology
• Course: ARCH 100
• Professor: David Maxwell

Document Summary

Neanderthal - referred to as late archaic homo sapiens by some researchers. Other classify as subspecies, orrace, of humans:homo sapiens neanderthalensis. Dna suggests origin at least 600,000 - 8000,000 years ago. Neandertal i - first hominin fossil ever found. Found in 1856, shortly before darwin published natural selection/evolution. At the time specimen was dismissed as - victim of biblical flood member of hannibal"s army member of napoleon"sarmy pathological idiot. Large, long, low bulging at the sides, big brow ridges. Neanderthal sites - mostly in europe and some in the middle east. La chapelle-aux-saint - earliest neandertal finds, from southwest france. Widely cited as an example of neandertal altruism. Shanidar cave - possible show of neandertals showing empathy maybe burying their dead. Speech symbolic behavior -neandertal appears capable of articulate speech. Due to hyoid bone found at kabera cave ability to speak controlled. Subsistence -tar extracted from birch bark used as glue to hold spear (at least 2000,000 years ago).