HSCI 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Baud, Disability-Adjusted Life Year, Health Equity
23 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Demography: scientific study of human populations primarily with respect to their size, structure and development. Demographic transition: change of patterns from high fertility and high mortality to patterns of low fertility and low mortality over time. Mortality declines due to better hygiene and nutrition. Population grows with younger share of population increasing. Population growth slows and older share of population increases. In 1800, death rates fell dramatically but birth rate was constant which increased population growth. Eventually, birth (fertility) rate decreases to meet death rate until population growth is more limited. Fertility rates much higher in 1960s-70s than 2000s. The decline in fertility rates is much higher in developed countries (such as canada) than developing countries (such as africa) But cis countries starting falling dropping dramatically from 1990-1995. This is an example of political and economic change that can affect life expectancy. Italy has a low fertility rate for a long period of time.
