PHIL 1200H Lecture 15: Lecture Tuesday, November 8

• School: Trent University
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHIL 1200H
• Professor: Stoyles Byron

Document Summary

Form: deductive (guarantees conclusion if premises are true) and inductive (does not specifically guarantee conclusion) validity. A (cid:858)stro(cid:374)g(cid:859) argu(cid:373)e(cid:374)t provides evidence that should convince the audience to accept the conclusion. A (cid:858)weak(cid:859) argu(cid:373)e(cid:374)t fails to provide evidence that should convince the audience to accept the conclusion. ***notice: a weak argument is not evidence that a conclusion is false. These are necessary (cid:894)(cid:449)ithout it, it (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e t(cid:396)ue. Co(cid:374)ditio(cid:374)s that (cid:373)ust (cid:271)e (cid:373)et(cid:895), (cid:271)ut (cid:374)ot sufficient (cid:272)o(cid:374)ditio(cid:374)s (cid:894)(cid:449)he(cid:374) the(cid:455)"(cid:396)e e(cid:374)ough o(cid:374) thei(cid:396) own to make something true) To the intended audience: a conclusion that follows from the premises. Premise must be: (i) relevant and (ii) sufficient. [from an ad u-haul in newsweek (1982)] (cid:862)the (cid:271)est (cid:272)osts (cid:455)ou less (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause (cid:373)o(cid:448)i(cid:374)g is ou(cid:396) (cid:271)usi(cid:374)ess(cid:863) Nothi(cid:374)g a(cid:271)out thei(cid:396) (cid:271)usi(cid:374)ess esta(cid:271)lishes that the(cid:455)"(cid:396)e the (cid:271)est. Acceptable premises are also: consistent, non-question begging (circular reasoning), and clear (i. e no problems with language: unacceptable. And/or not consistent, and/or question-begging, and/or contain problems with language: questionable.