BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cell Membrane, Nuclear Membrane, Lysosome

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coffeejackal332

1 Feb 2019

School

University of Alberta

Department

Biology (Biological Sciences)

Course

BIOL107

Professor

Cirelli,Damián

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BIOL107 Full Course Notes

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It is the continuous flow of membrane from the nucleus to the plasma membrane: consists of nuclear envelope, rough and smooth er, vesicles and vacuoles, Golgi apparatus: stacks of flattened vacuoles: they"re hollow and have 2 membranes, the have a cis face (receiving side) and a trans face (shipping side) with the trans face concaving towards the plasma membrane. Lysosomes: vesicle sized organelles and they contain about 40 different hydrolyzing enzymes, they digest macromolecules using the enzymes to hydrolyze them (break them down, typically considered as an animal-only organelle. Peroxisomes: like lysosomes, they digest molecules, but specifically those generating dangerous toxic by products and it has special enzymes for this, hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acids results in the production of h202. Plastids: plant only organelle, all plastids arise from the proplastid and develop into specialized structures chloroplast is an example.

Related Questions

1-The following is a portion of an abstract from The Journal ofStructural Biology:
Although the ____________ of Paramecium is made up of many sets ofmore reduced stacks of
cisternae than those of many mammalian cells, the stacks inParamecium always bear a close
relationship to a transitional element of the ER from whichnon-clathrin-coated transition
vesicles arise. In QF-DE replicas two networks of filaments areclearly shown; one is in this ER-
____________ transition zone and the other is on the trans side ofthe _____________ stack. The
network associated with the trans-______________ region links anumber of vesicular elements.
The network in the transition zone spans the distance between theER and the cis-cisterna of the
______________ stack and has branches extending to the coats of theenmeshed nonclathrincoated
transition vesicles.
Which term best fills in the blank?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Lysosome
c. Mitochondria
d. Chloroplasts
e. Golgi (apparatus)

2. Mitochondria
a. are prevalent in aerobically respiring bacteria.
b. are capable of both synthesizing and storing starch.
c. have many integral membrane proteins across their innermembrane.
d. rely entirely upon chromosomal genes for synthesis of neededproteins.

3. Mycobacterium tuberculosis trapped in a phagosome of a host cellis able to resist
degradation by the digestive enzymes of the lysosome upon formationof the phagolysosome. With this in mind, which events occur asM. tuberculosis âexploits the
systemâ and enters the host cell?
a. M. tuberculosis binds to an external receptor of aclathrin-coated pit.
b. Macropinocytosis
c. Caveolae, that contain M. tuberculosis, form.
d. Pseudopods form and surround M. tuberculosis.

4. Proteus mirabilis is a bacterium. It is Gram-negative andmotile. Giardia intestinalis is a parastic, eukaryotic, motileprotist. All of the following accurately compares / contraststhesetwo organisms EXCEPT?
a. Whereas Proteus mirabilis has an outer membrane characterized byLPS, Giardia intestinalis lacks this feature.
b. Whereas the DNA of Giardia intestinalis is packaged by wrappingaround histone octamers to form nucleosomes, the DNA ofProteus mirabilis is packaged largely by supercoiling.
c. Infections caused by both Giardia intestinalis and Proteusmirabilis could be effectively treated using penicillin.
d. Whereas the flagella of Giardia intestinalis are composed ofnine pairs of microtuble doublets, the flagella of Proteusmirabilis are composed of a basal body, hook andfilament.
e. Unlike the flagella of Proteus mirabilis, the flagella ofGiardia intestinalis are membrane-bound.

BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cell Membrane, Nuclear Membrane, Lysosome

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