EAS100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Metamorphic Rock, Lithification, Water Cycle
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14 Oct 2014
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Permian mass extinction - super-volcano that erupted 250 ma ago. Regolith: in-place products of weathering (gravel, broken rocks) Soil: products of weathering + organic matter from plants and animals. Chemical weathering -> new minerals -> clastic sediment. Chemical weathering -> ions in solution -> non-clastic sediment. Gravel > sand > silt > clay > mud. Compression -> squeeze out water -> ions "cement" the. Calcium ions and carbonate ions extracted from sea water through action of living things. (e. g. coral) Factors affecting rocks at depth in the crust. In solids, stress need not act equally in all directions. Fabric may be developed if there is differental stress. Contact metamorphism: heat provided by nearby igneous rock: metamorphism aureole. Rocks "flow" in the solid state as a result of stress. Slate: fine-grained metamorphic rock with fabric, individual mineral grains are invisible. Schist: like slate, but mineral grains are visiable as crystal.
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