MATH114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Implicit Function, Quotient Rule, Logarithmic Differentiation

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Math 114 lecture 14 implicit differentiation. Way to find dy/dx when y cannot be given explicitly as a function of x. Example: x2 + y2 = 4 find the slope of the tangent (cid:1877)(cid:1876)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:2870)+(cid:1877)(cid:2870)(cid:4667)=(cid:1877)(cid:1876)(cid:4666)(cid:886)(cid:4667) (cid:884)(cid:1876)+(cid:884)(cid:1877) (cid:1877) =(cid:882) Keep in mind: y is a function of x i. e. depends on x. Example: find y" given x3 + y3 = 6xy http://immune. math. yorku. ca/jmheffer/sites/default/files/s3. 5. ppt. pdf. Solution: implicitly differentiate x3 + y3 = 6xy (cid:885)(cid:1876)(cid:2870)+(cid:885)(cid:1877)(cid:2870) (cid:1877) =(cid:888)(cid:1877)+(cid:888)(cid:1876)(cid:1877) . Solve for y": (cid:885)(cid:1877)(cid:2870) (cid:1877) (cid:888)(cid:1876) (cid:1877) =(cid:888)(cid:1877) (cid:885)(cid:1876)(cid:2870) (cid:4666)(cid:1877)(cid:2870) (cid:884)(cid:1876)(cid:4667)(cid:1877) =(cid:884)(cid:1877) (cid:1876)(cid:2870) (cid:1877) =(cid:2870)(cid:3052) (cid:3051)(cid:3118) (cid:3052)(cid:3118) (cid:2870)(cid:3051) (cid:1877) =(cid:882) (cid:884)(cid:1877) (cid:1876)(cid:2870) (cid:1877)(cid:2870) (cid:884)(cid:1876)=(cid:882) (cid:884)(cid:1877) (cid:1876)(cid:2870)=(cid:882) (cid:1877)=(cid:883)(cid:884)(cid:1876)(cid:2870) Plug y = (cid:2869)(cid:2870)(cid:1876)(cid:2870) into x3 +y3 = 6xy (cid:1876)(cid:2871)+((cid:883)(cid:884)(cid:1876)(cid:2870))(cid:2871)=(cid:888)(cid:1876)((cid:883)(cid:884)(cid:1876)(cid:2870)) (cid:1876)(cid:2874)=(cid:883)(cid:888)(cid:1876)(cid:2871) In general: take derivative of both sides, solve for y". Example: find the equation of the tangent to the cardioid (cid:1876)(cid:2870)+(cid:1877)(cid:2870)=(cid:4666)(cid:884)(cid:1876)(cid:2870)+(cid:884)(cid:1877)(cid:2870)+(cid:1877)(cid:4667)(cid:2870) at (1/2, 0) http://mathworld. wolfram. com/heartcurve. html. Exercise at home: solve for y" (the equation above) Example: find y"" given cos x = sin y.

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