PHYS114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Strong Interaction, Chemical Polarity, Cosmic Ray
25 Dec 2018
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Document Summary
In an experiment similar to rutherford"s gold foil experiment, richard taylor and his colleagues observed how a super-high beam of electrons was scattered when shot at a proton. If the proton was indeed fundamental with a uniform shape, the scatter pattern should be different from what would be observed if the proton is actually a lumpy composite of smaller objects. The scattering pattern observed was consistent with the existence a smaller objects within the proton, these being quarks. Up quarks and down quarks were the first two quarks discovered. Up quarks were assigned a charge of (+ ) and down quarks a charge of (- ). Protons are made up of two up quarks and one down quark ( + . = 1), and neutrons are made up of two down quarks and one up quark ( - - = 0). Quarks are bound together by what is known as the strong force , which relies on flux tubes .
