SOC 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Urination, Drug Possession, Toothpaste
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How do we dene crime?
Mild types of deviance
oShoplifting
oUnderage drinking
oLittering
oSpeeding
oVandalism
oDrug possession
oPublic urination
Medium types of deviance
oAssault
oBreaking and entering
oFraud
oStalking
Severe types of deviance
oMurder
oRae
oArson
oTorture
oTerrorism
oManslaughter
oGenocide
HAGAN’S PYRAMID
Consensus Crimes
oPredatory
oMala in se – wrong in themselves (murder/rape/theft)
Con0ict Crimes
oMala prohibita- wrong by prohibition (people think they are
wrong)
oWrong because the law says they are
oA law that controls ones morality
- The use of smoking marijuana
- Loitering
- Property o4enses
- Gambling
- Alcohol
- Lack of coconscious
- Enforcement has to be proactive by authority
Dening crime and deviance
oCulture
Di4erences within cultures
Some behaviors are legal in some countries
Alcohol consumption is illegal in Saudi Arabia/ walk around
topless in Ontario is legal
oHistorical
Denitions of crime 0uxuate over time (ie – drugs
illegal today but legal in past)
Heroine in toothpaste and cough syrup
Cocaine was an ingredient in coke
Committing suicide was a crime but is seem more as
an issue of mental health
oContextual
How we perceive a situation depending on the situation
“what the fuck” in a sports bar is more appropriate than at
a wedding
you can walk through the house nude but you cannot go
out to a restaurant naked
oGender
Used to be illegal for girls to have sexual relations with
males and sent to prison but guys would not go to jail
Boys get away with ghting (boys will be boys) but girls do
not (shes phsyco)
Dening and Explaining Crime
1. Objectivist Approach
Focus on the individual attributes (genetics, where one
grew up could be why one commits a crime)
Consensus (good or bad)
Crime is a result of causation (crime is caused by
something and if we can determine the cause we can nd
a solution)
Consensus crimes
2. Subjectivist approach (Social reaction)
Label ( why someone is considered a crime.. they are labeled
as such)
Power- usually related to issues of power.. people who are in
power enjorce rules and laws. Being in power determines who
is a criminal
Con0ict- results in certain people having records
Crimes that are considered con0ict crimes
Deviance and Crime
Ceviance vs Crime