BIOL 1020 Lecture 21: Lecture 21
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BIOL 1020 Full Course Notes
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Human somatic cells (any cell other than a gamete) have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46) A karyotype is an ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell (sex determined) The two chromosomes in each pair are called homologous chromosomes, or homologues. Chromosomes in a homologous pair are the same length and carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics. (different because one from each parent) 22 pairs and a pair of sex chromosomes in human karyotype. The sex chromosomes are called x and y. Human females have a homologous pair of x chromosomes (xx) Human males have one x and one y chromosome (not homologous-x and y carry different genes- single copy of each gene on each chromosome) The 22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine sex are called autosomes. Each pair of homologous chromosomes includes one chromosome from each parent.