BIOL 1412 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Monoamine Oxidase, Gastrointestinal Physiology, Autonomic Nervous System
1 May 2018
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1
TOPIC VI: NERVOUS SYSTEM IV – MOTOR OUTPUT
A) Efferent (Motor) Nervous System
1) Autonomic Nervous System:
CNS ֜ smooth + cardiac muscle, glands
2 neurons to effector (preganglionic + postganglionic)
➢ ANS neurons can be distinguished by the type of nt released:
a) cholinergic = Ach
b) adrenergic = norepinephrine (NE)
2 divisions:
a) Sympathetic Nervous System
function = prepares body for activity
o fight or flight response
o activated during exercise
NOTE: to stop chemical stimulation need to remove nt
i. ACh broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) – on
postsynaptic membrane (cell body/dendrites of postsynaptic
cell)
ii. NE broken down by MAO (monoamine oxidase) ) - in synaptic
end bulb of the neuron that released it
▪
b) Parasympathetic Nervous System
function = rest + digest
o housekeepig
most organs innervated by ANS have both SNS + PSNS – usually have opposite actions
ANS regulates internal processes continuously and automatically
➢ e.g. heart rate ֜ SNS excites, PSNS inhibits
Pregang.
Occurs in the
middle of the
spine
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2
Effects of ANS (Table 14.4):
Higher Control of ANS:
➢ NOTE: hypothal. does not need cerebral input for its ANS functions, but
emotions can cause autonomic effects
e.g. blushing, fainting, cold sweat, ֛ HR etc.
2) Somatic Nervous System:
Organ(s)
SNS (fight or flight)
PSNS (rest + digest)
1. Pupils of Eyes
(iris muscles)
dilate
constrict
2. Heart
heart rate (HR) &
force of contraction
HR
3. Gastrointestinal
Tract
motility
motility
4. Blood Vessels
(smooth muscle)
vasoconstriction
*no innervation of blood
vessels (except penis + clitoris)
5. Sweat Glands
secretion (cold
sweat)
* no innervation
6. Digestive Glands
secretion (except
saliva)
secretion (all of them)
7. Genitals
ejaculation (♂)
erection, lubrication (♂ + ♀)
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Document Summary
Topic vi: nervous system iv motor (cid:862)output(cid:863: efferent (motor) nervous system, autonomic nervous system: Cns (cid:1436) smooth + cardiac muscle, glands. 2 neurons to effector (preganglionic + postganglionic) Ans neurons can be distinguished by the type of nt released: cholinergic = ach, adrenergic = norepinephrine (ne) 2 divisions: sympathetic nervous system function = prepares body for activity fight or flight response, activated during exercise. Most organs innervated by ans have both sns + psns usually have opposite actions. Ans regulates internal processes continuously and automatically. E. g. heart rate (cid:1436) sns excites, psns inhibits. Organ(s: pupils of eyes (iris muscles, heart, gastrointestinal. Tract: blood vessels (smooth muscle, sweat glands. Heart rate (hr) & force of contraction. *no innervation of blood vessels (except penis + clitoris) * no innervation: digestive glands secretion (except. Secretion (all of them) saliva: genitals ejaculation ( ) erection, lubrication ( + )
