MBIO 3010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Dalbavancin, Oritavancin, Meropenem
8 Dec 2016
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Ex. (penicllin g/v, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cloxacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam) Very high therapeutic index - very safe. Can be narrow of broad spectrum based on drug. Narrow spectrum (gram positive only) large molecule. Penicilins and cephalosporins are referred to as beta-lacatams. Beta-lactam like agents (ex. carbapenems-imipenem or meropenem and monobactams- aztreonam) function in the same way as beta-lactams. Beta-lactams, beta-lactam like agents, glycopeptides and bacitracin all work by inhibiting cell wall (peptidoglycan) synthesis which leads to osmotic instability and eventually cell death. Brown part of the graph is the peptidoglycan layer. Large peptidoglycan layer in gram positive bacteria (more layers) The peptidoglycan is made of alternating nag (n-acetyl glucosamine) and nam (a-acetyl muramic acid) proteins attached side to side, one strand is attached to another by chains of amino acids. Rst 5 amino acids are added to nam ** This precursor is transported across the cell membrane to the periplasm.
