MBIO 2360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Cytosol, Cytoskeleton, Red Blood Cell
1 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Vitamin d3 (cholecalciferol) - formed in skin by an uv-induced photochemical reaction on 7- dehydrocholesterol: It acts as a hormone to regulate ca2+ levels in the kidneys, intestines, and bone. Dietary vitamin d prevents rickets, a disease once common in cold climates where winter clothes and cloudy skies blocked the skin from sufficient uv exposure. Vitamin e is the collective name for a group of closely related lipids called tocopherols, all of which contain a substituted aromatic ring and a long isoprenoid side chain. Vitamin e deficiency leads to sterility and muscle weakness, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Tocopherols act as a biological antioxidants: redox reactions on the aromatic rings with oxygen radicals prevent non-enzymatic oxidative damage to lipids, which can make cells membranes fragile. Vitamin k is a family of lipids, differing in the unsaturated state of the chain attached to the naphthoquinone.
