BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Protein Kinase, Signal Transduction, Molecular Switch
Document Summary
Endocrine: public; hormones produced in endocrine glands are secreted into the bloodstream and are distributed widely thru out the body. Paracrine: less public; are released by cells into the extracellular fluid in their neighbourhood. Neural: long range but private (telephone); transmitted along axons to remote target cells. Receptor protein: activated by only one type of signal; without the appropriate receptor, a cell will not respond to the signal. Signalling pathways: signal molecule is synthesized and released by signalling cell signal molecule travels to target cell signal binds to receptor protein on/in target cell (transduction) Inactivation); changes in gene expression changes in cell shape, movement, metabolism, secretion . Fast vs slow responses: a cell"s response can be fast or slow fig 16-7. Slow responses: certain types of cell responses (such as, increased cell growth/division) involve changes in gene expression and reequire production of new proteins. Fast responses: do not involve changes in gene expression (such as, secretion, metabolism)