BIOL130 Lecture 18: BIOL 130 – Week Nine Notes (Cell Cycle - LEC 18)

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blushworm18

1 Aug 2016

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL130

Professor

Heidi Engelhardt

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Document Summary

Cell division involves an orderly sequence of events in which cell duplicates its contents and divides in two - cell cycle . Details of cell cycle vary with organism, and different times in an organism"s life: unicellular: generates complete new organism (bacteria, yeast, protozoa, metazoans: many cell divisions required to generate new organism from fertilized egg. *****cell division is essential for key events in eukaryotes! Division of genetic material to produces daughter cells genetically identical to parent cell. Usually accompanied by cytokinesis, division of the cytoplasm into the two daughter cells produce daughter cells with half the hereditary material found in the parent cell. Involved only in the production of gametes (eggs and sperm) Basis of sexual reproduction and genetic inheritance. Highly variable in number - 1 pair > 500 pairs. 2 copies of each essential to survival: most eukaryotes: 10-50, chromosome # not correlated with complexity! Human 2n = 46, silkworm 56, chickens 78.

Related Questions

Question 3 (5 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 3 options:

	telophase II
	meiosis II
	telophase I
	anaphase I
	anaphase II

1.	Division, beginning without DNA replication, that resembles and produces four haploid cell.s
2.	Phase of meiosis when chiasmata are broken as spindle fibers shorten and homologous pairs are pulled apart.
3.	Phase of meiosis when sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cells.
4.	Phase of meiosis in which homologues cluster at the poles of the cells and the nuclear envelope reforms.
5.	Phase of meiosis in which four different haploid cells are present.

Question 4 (7 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 4 options:

	G0
	telophase
	G2
	mitosis
	cytokinesis
	cell cycle
	S

1.	The phase in which the cell synthesizes a replica of its genome
2.	The overall process of genome duplication
3.	The phase in the cell cycle during which mitochondria and other organelles replicate.
4.	The phase in mitosis when chromosomes are clustered at opposite poles and the spindle apparatus disappears
5.	A resting state that cells often enter before resuming cell division.
6.	The phase in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides creating two daughter cells.
7.	The phase in the cell cycle in which the spindle apparatus assembles and sister chromatids move apart.

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Question 5 (6 points)

Put the events of a MAP kinase cascade in the correct order.

Question 5 options:

	MAPKKK phosphorylates and activates another kinase
	MAPKK phosphorylates and activates MAPK
	Binding of MAPKKK to Ras
	External signal binds to membrane receptor and activates receptor kinase.
	MAPK phosphorylates an inactive response protein and activates it.
	Phosphorylation of receptor kinase and interaction with RAS