BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Tata Box, Galactose, Eukaryote

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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

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Biol 112 - biology of the cell - chapter 19 (lecture 24): Bacteria: functionally related genes are grouped together. Related genes are scattered across the genome. Sometimes they are even found on different chromosomes. The genes are expressed in a combinatorial (coordinated) manner. For these genes, a single set of regulatory transcription factors start a series of transcription - so they are always turned on or turned off at the same time. Also a binding site for regulatory proteins. Yeast is a simple eukaryote, which is often studied in labs. Gives scientists insight into how eukaryotic genes are regulated. And how combinatorial gene expression in controlled. Yeast requires 5 enzymes to metabolize galactose to glucose (to extract energy) Gal 1, 7, 10 are structural proteins used to break down galactose, and gal 4, 80 are regulatory proteins. Gal 1, 7, and 10 are on different locations on chromosomes.

Related Questions

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Tata Box, Galactose, Eukaryote

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

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