ADM 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Future Orientation, Ingroups And Outgroups, Assertiveness

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18 Oct 2018

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Shared by individuals from a specific country that shape their. Values and attitudes behaviour and their beliefs about what is important. Culture "an integrated system of learned behaviour patterns that are a distinguishing characteristic of the members of a given society . Includes everything a groups says, thinks, does and makes. On an organization than the organization culture. Government allows certain laws that may cause people to have a re-evaluation of society and take on a different perspective on certain issues. Canada and britain have similar values and government system. Chinese may have different religious beliefs and views on social norms than. Chinese have collective group think mentality while canadians tend to be more individualistic. Hofstede developed a model of cultural dimensions that has become an internationally recognized standard. Hofstede collected cultural data from over 40 countries. Scores of 0 to 100 for each five cultural dimensions where the higher the score, the greater the dimension is exhibited.

Related Questions

The primary costs of FDI to host countries are:

		Loss of sovereignty and patriotism
		Adverse effects on competition and exports
		Capital outflow
		Loss of sovereignty, adverse effects on competition, and capital outflow

____ suggests that FDI, unrestricted by government intervention, will enable countries to tap into their absolute or comparative advantage by specializing in the production of certain goods or services.

		The radical view
		The free market view
		Pragmatic nationalism
		Expropriation

What are the benefits of FDI to home countries?

		Repatriated earnings from profits from FDI.
		Increased exports of components and services to host countries.
		Learning via FDI from operations abroad.
		All of these answers

When one firm enters a foreign country through FDI, its rivals are likely to follow by undertaking additional FDI in a host country to:

		Create knowledge spillover
		Discover a new market for its goods
		Overcome and combat market failure through FDI
		Acquire location advantages or neutralize the first moverâs location advantages

Most countries practice:

		Pragmatic nationalism
		Free market based FDI
		Government embracing radical view
		French patriotism

FDI may be viewed as a reflection of firm motivation to extend firm-specific capabilities abroad and their responses to overcome imperfections and failures.

		True
		False

Most countries practice a totally "free market" view.

		True
		False

8. Outsourcing is the process of turning over an organizational activity to an outside supplier, located in a foreign country, which will perform it on behalf of the local firm.

		True
		False

Financial, physical, and technological resources and capabilities are all tangible assets.

		True
		False

A firm's resources and capabilities are tangible assets a firm uses to choose and implement its strategies.

		True
		False

An example of low power distance would be when subordinates address their bosses on a first-name basis.

		True
		False

Benchmarking is an assessment as to whether a firm has resources and capabilities to perform a particular activity in a manner superior to competitors.

		True
		False

A country with low-masculinity has a more subtle differentiation between the gender roles.

		True
		False

Setting up subsidiaries abroad so the work can be performed in-house but in the foreign location is also called captive sourcing.

		True
		False

Managers in low uncertainty avoidance countries rely more on experience and training than managers in high uncertainty avoidance countries who rely more on rules.

		True
		False

Informal institutions include laws, regulations, and rules.

		True
		False

The United States is often classified as a collective society.

		True
		False

A pure market economy characterized by the "invisible hand" of market forces is noted by

		John Stuart Mill
		Adam Smith
		Aristotle
		Amatya Zen

Culture is defined in the text as:

		The communication between members of similar location.
		The collective programming of the mind, which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another.
		The main component of formal institutions.
		The attitudes and behaviors characteristic of a particular social group or organization.

When an expat employee returns to her or his current employer but the employer does not provide attractive opportunities, she/he often may be hired by a competitor firm. Why?

		Competitor firms are also interested in globalizing their business.
		Former expats bring instant expertise and experience.
		Competing firms will pay a higher premium for expertise.
		All of these answers

The government taking a "hands-off approach" is known as:

		Laissez faire
		Command economy
		Mixed economy
		Liberal approach

Expatriate managers make ideal candidates for top management positions.

		True
		False

____ are defined as rights associated with the ownership of intellectual property.

		Patents
		Copyrights
		Trademarks
		Intellectual property rights

In a collective society:

		Family units are highly valued.
		Being an entrepreneur is a popular mindset
		Being different than your neighbor is important.
		Outsiders are easily trusted.

Which of the following definitions best defines an expatriate manager?

		A manager who works outside his or her native country
		A manager of great expertise
		An ex-manager rehired for advisory purposes
		None of these answers

22jul15

Q1. Which is not likely to improve the effectiveness of a self-managed team?
a. let members share in financial gains from improved performance
b. change the membership frequently to give the team fresh ideas
c. provide accurate, timely information relevant to team activities
d. give members training in interpersonal and problem solving skills

Q2. Which type of activity is least likely to be delegated to a self-managed team?
a. evaluating each team member's task performance
b. firing a team member who has unsatisfactory performance
c. determining the work procedures to be used by the team
d. determining which team member will carry out each task

Q3. The primary purpose of a dialogue session is to:
a. debate competing proposals and identify the best one for the team
b. help members learn more about each other's interests and aspirations
c. encourage members to express their dissatisfaction with each other openly
d. increase understanding of implicit assumptions and mental models

Q4. Members are most likely to experience role conflict and divided loyalties in:
a. a cross-functional project team
b. a self-managed operational team
c. a traditional work team
d. an executive team

Q5. What is the most useful role for the external leader of a self-managed group?
a. select new members of the group when they are needed
b. mediate internal conflicts and encourage cooperation
c. monitor the group to ensure it does not become a social club
d. serve as a coach, facilitator, and advocate for the group

Q6. Which is not characteristic of Bradford's group-centered leadership?
a. the leader should emphasize group maintenance behavior as much as task oriented behavior
b. the leader should encourage members to share the responsibility for performing leadership functions
c. the leader should strive to maintain a rational discussion without emotional outbursts or expression of feelings
d. the leader should allow the group to make the final choice

Q7. What was found in research on the effectiveness of self-managed teams?
a. productivity and quality improved substantially
b. organizational commitment usually increased
c. turnover and absenteeism were lower
d. the results were inconsistent across studies

Q8. Which leadership function is especially important when a cross-functional team is initially formed to carry out a project?
a. planning and scheduling team activities to meet project deadlines
b. influencing outsiders to provide adequate resources, approvals, and assistance
c. articulating a vision or objective that inspires commitment by team members
d. mediating conflicts among members and helping them find integrative solutions

Q9. Which of the following is least likely to be a reason for an organization's failure to adapt to a changing environment?
a. leaders with a long-term perspective
b. highly specialized subunits
c. declining financial performance
d. institutionalization of power

Q10. Which condition is least important for the success of a new strategy?
a. it is based on the core competencies of the organization
b. it is compatible with significant changes in the external environment
c. it has a few clear themes relevant to the shared values of the members
d. it is similar to a strategy that was previously successful

Q11. What pattern of behavior is most likely for a CEO who has been in office for 3-4 years?
a. after the CEO consolidates power, he or she becomes more willing to experiment with innovative strategies
b. as the CEO gains confidence with a strategy that is working, he or she becomes more excited about gathering information to improve it
c. after the CEO selects a strategy and implements it, he or she becomes complacent and inflexible about changing it
d. after the CEO institutionalizes power, he or she becomes more willing to allow others to participate in making major decisions

Q12. Which condition does not limit a chief executive's discretion to make major changes in the strategy of an organization?
a. the organization has a few major clients who account for most sales
b. the organization has ample financial reserves
c. the culture of the organization is strong
d. the organization has a strong board of directors

Q13. When the competition is intense and the environment is changing rapidly, it is especially important to:
a. maintain a high level of external monitoring
b. have detailed plans and operating procedures
c. increase the power of the chief executive
d. strengthen the organization culture

Q14. When an organization has declining performance, a CEO who has been in office for several years is least likely to:
a. look for ways to improve implementation of the existing strategy
b. make small, incremental changes in the strategy
c. give a pep talk and urge people to redouble their effort
d. make major changes in the organization's strategy

Q15. Which of the following was not given as a guideline for external monitoring?
a. examine a wide range of developments and trends in the environment
b. make an extra effort to learn what clients and customers want and need
c. identify both the strengths and weaknesses of competing products
d. rely primarily on your own intuition to analyze the environment

Q16. Which statement about institutionalization in organizations is most accurate?
a. it describes how subunits with expertise gain power in organizations
b. it makes it easier for organizations to adapt to a changing environment
c. it describes how people use power to gain more power
d. it demonstrates why political tactics are unnecessary to maintain power

Q17. Which of the following usually includes a mix of formal training and learning from experience working on management projects?
a. mentoring
b. job rotation programs
c. action learning
d. behavior modeling

Q18. What training method is most useful for improving interpersonal skills?
a. computer simulations
b. behavior role modeling
c. large scale simulations
d. analysis of short cases

Q19. Which of the following was not recommended for effective training?
a. use concrete examples, diagrams, and mnemonics in explanations
b. relate training objectives to the person's interests and career ambitions
c. integrate complex material into longer learning modules
d. allow ample opportunity for practice with feedback

Q20. Which developmental method is most useful for helping managers to understand their inner feelings and values?
a. outdoor challenge programs
b. personal growth programs
c. mentoring programs
d. multisource feedback workshops

tealbadger30

There are sometimes conflicts within the same code, between the code and the __________ and between the code and a counselor's value system.

		Judgment
		Ethics
		Law
		Value

2 points

Question 2

Section A of the ACA Code of Ethics highlights important issues within the __________________________________.

		Privacy Act
		Confidentiality Act
		Professional's Responsibility
		Counseling relationship

2 points

Question 3

______________________ in a code sometimes lag behind the values of society and of professional associations.

		Laws
		Attitudes
		Values
		Beliefs

2 points

Question 4

Which section was added to the latest edition of the ACA Code of Ethics (2014)?

		Resolving Ethical Issues
		Advocacy and Social Justice
		Distance Counseling, Technology, and Social Media
		Research and Publication

2 points

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the ethical "hot spots" identified in this chapter?

		Gatekeeping
		Social and Cultural Issues
		Informed Consent
		Technology

2 points

Question 6

Which of the following is not a type of ethical decision-making model discussed in the text?

		Problem-solving model
		Advocacy model
		Social constructivist model
		Developmental model

2 points

Question 7

_______________ has to do with protecting the independences, self-determination and freedom of choice for client.

		Nonmaleficence
		Beneficence
		Justice
		Autonomy

2 points

Question 8

People who have this view of the world, see things in black and white, are very concrete, rigid, and authoritarian.

		Dualistic
		Modern
		Post-modern
		Flexible

2 points

Question 9

Which section of the ACA Ethical Code (2014) offers guidelines on how to report an ethical violation?

		Section B
		Section I
		Section E
		Section A

2 points

Question 10

.__________ is the responsibility under the law for a violation of federal or state criminal statute.

		Beneficence
		Nonmaleficence
		Civil liability
		Criminal liability

2 points

Question 11

To prove that they are following the best practices of their professions, counselors should:

		Know relevant laws
		Maintain good records
		Stay professional with clients
		All of the above.

2 points

Question 12

______________ is the most rigorous form of credentialing.

		Accreditation
		Licensure
		Certification
		Registration

2 points

Question 13

Theories help counselors and other helping professionals in the following way(s):

		conceptualizing clients' problems
		necessary to become a licensed psychotherapist
		offer specific techniques to apply
		both a and c

2 points

Question 14

What is a paradigm shift?

		A change like a universe.
		A change in the way information is perceived.
		A change in theory.
		A change in human nature.

2 points

Question 15

Do psychodynamic theories consider which of the following to be important in understanding a person's functioning?

		Child-rearing practices
		The unconscious and conscious
		Examining the past
		All of the above

2 points

Question 16

Sigmund Freud was trained as a:

		Physician
		Counselor
		Caseworker
		Social worker

2 points

Question 17

Freud believed that there are ____________ structures that make up personality.

		1
		2
		3
		4

2 points

Question 18

Freud, and later his daughter Anna Freud, identified a number of _______________ that help people to cope with anxiety.

		Defense skills
		Coping mechanisms
		Coping skills
		Defense mechanisms

2 points

Question 19

___________ believed that each of us has a unique psychological type which includes the attitudes of extraversion and introversion.

		Freud
		Rogers
		Jung
		Cattell

2 points

Question 20

_______________________ believed that every child was born with innate and unique capabilities and is inherently moving toard the future, not determined by the past.

		Adler
		Freud
		Rogers
		Jung

2 points

Question 21

Existential-humanistic approaches embrace a phenomenological perspective, stressing all but which of the following?

		The subjective reality of the client
		the role of the unconscious
		How the counselor uses his or her personal qualities in counseling
		the importance of consciousness and/or awareness

2 points

Question 22

Although Ludwig Binswanger is generally acknowledged as being the first existential therapist, who is seen as the person who popularized this approach through "logotherapy"?

		Irvin Yalom
		Carl Rogers
		Alfred Adler
		Viktor Frankl

2 points

Question 23

____________________ developed client-centered therapy.

		Carl Jung
		Viktor Frankl
		Carl Rogers
		Ludwig Binswanger

2 points

Question 24

Today, most Gestalt therapists believe that from birth, the individual is in a constant state of ______________ through a process of need identification and need-fulfillment.

		Self-regulation
		Self-actualization
		Existential crisis
		Emotional distress

2 points

Question 25

This therapy was developed by Albert Ellis during the 1950s.

		Psychodynamic therapy
		Behavioral therapy
		Cognitive therapy
		Rational emotive therapy

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ADM 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Future Orientation, Ingroups And Outgroups, Assertiveness

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