CRM 1301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cesare Beccaria, New Economy, Jeremy Bentham

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Criminology
• Course: CRM 1301
• Professor: Christine Gervais

Document Summary

Shift from the late middle ages to the renaissance. King: assumes supernatural authority (divine right of kings) Industrial revolution: implied a lot of social and economic changes. Shift from agricultural based economies to factory based economies. Factory workers (difficult working conditions) and difficult living conditions. Shift from old religious thinking to enlightened age (rational "man" = centre) Social contract = unwritten agreement individuals give up rights for collective good. (lockdowns, surveillance, security checks) State = to realize will of the people to secure lawful order. Humans = hedonistic (trying to maximise our pleasures and minimize pain) Doctrine of free will of rational "man". Democratic context (government for & by the people)- "radical". Urban centres (decay / disease / poverty) Another concern we were seeing at this time. Justice = great deal of cruelty, harsh, variable and arbitrary. Jails = corruption, breeding crime & disease. Classical: first concerted effort of criminology as a discipline. To protect rights & liberty of people.