CRM 2306 Lecture Notes - Ascribed Status, Vacuum, Erving Goffman

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beigepig704

16 Oct 2011

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Journal titles italisized and volume #, issue # in parentheses. An attribute that ppl have that is deeply discrediting. And effectively taints them during their interactions with other ppl. So a person with this attribute (spoiled identity) is reduced from the minds of other ppl from being someone that is whole to someone we"re able to discount that tainted aspect. All other things that comprise you are ignored cuz the stigma becomes you. Ex. religious doctor but the fact that doctor is socially idolized, doctor. Stigmatized by others cuz you belong to a certain race. Jews and gypsy"s not in one spot but when they move around they stay in a tribal stigma. Individs in an effort to avoid negative interactions will restrict themselves to interacting with other ppl that are stigmatized in a similar manner (they understand your social sitch) = actually reinforcing the stigmatized self-concept.

Related Questions

The most distinctive characteristic of a human is it's face - itis unique among each individual (with the exception of identicaltwins). It is uncertain to me if whether we best identify otherhumans by their face due to special brain parts developed for this(there are people with disease that cannot recognize faces) or foractual very distinctive physical face forms; maybe it is acombination of this.

Anyway, the question is about evolution. Why would distinctfaces (or ability to recognize distinct faces) be something usefulthat would be retained by evolution? How is this better atsurvival?

10. In this question, mean field theory will be used to derive the van der Waals equation. Consider a gas of interacting, indistinguishable particles. In principle, the potential energy from these interactions depends upon the positions of the particles so detailed structural information is needed to describe it. This is a difficult problem. However, we can take a much simpler, albeit approximate, approach by treating the interactions with a one-body energy term. The physical argument goes as follows. The interaction (potential) energies in principle will vary among microstates. However, we expect fluctuations to be small. Let's replace the exact potential U in the partition function with its average value (that is, the "mean field") eMF divided among the particles, and assume each particle has the same contribution regardless of its position. In other words, rather than considering the particles as interacting with each other (via a potential that depends upon particle positions) we treat them as interacting with the mean field (which is independent of particle positions and other particles). In this way, EMF becomes a one-body energy term that can be included in the usual non-interacting partition function as an additional energy contribution. That is, the interacting system is approximated by the non-interacting partition function with a one-body energy term approximating the particle interactions. With this mean-field approximation, the energy of our particles becomes E=E;deal + EMF , in which Eideal is the energy of a particle in an ideal gas. Since these energy contributions are independent, the particle partition function is q = qidealqMF . Normally, qideal would be the product of partition functions for translation, vibration, rota- tion, etc. but because the volume dependence will be important, let's write qidealc(T)V where c(T) includes all the constants and temperature dependencies arising from vibrations and rotations, and where the volume factor in the translational partition function has been explicitly accounted for. The remaining part of the translational partition function in included in c(T). In the present case though, we imagine the particles each occupy some volume b, so the "effective volume" of our system is V- Nb. In other words, take qideal cT)(V - Nb) We don't know the value of eMF but physical arguments suggest it must vary with the av- erage distance between particles, which in turn varies with density, N/V. So, let's suppose a linear dependence and write EMF =-aN/V with a some unknown constant. A minus sign is included here because it is anticipated EME will be negative (attractive interaction) so this will make a a positive number. This one energy is the same for each particle so 4 a) Derive the expression for the average pressure and show the system obeys the van der Waals equation of state. Note: as defined b is the volume per particle not per mole of particles as usually tabulated. Similarly, as defined a is per particle not per mole squared as usually tabulated. So, write Nb as nb, and aN2 as an2 if you want to use a and b as the usually tabulated molar values b) Show that the internal energy and heat capacity are given by an - - U ==ideal and Cv=CV,ideal, where Eideal and Cvideal are the internal energy and heat capacity for the ideal gas, respectively. Show that the first relation is consistent with (UaVTan2/V2, a relation derived from thermodynamics. Give a physical argument to explain why the van der Waals gas (an interacting system) could have the same Cv as the ideal gas (a non-interacting system)

You are requested to deliver your auditors report personally to the board of directors of Sebal Manufacturing Corporation and answer questions posed about the financial statements. While reading the statements, one director asks, what are the precise meaning of the terms cost, expenses, and loss? These terms sometimes seem to identify similar items and other times seem to identify similar items and other times seem to identify dissimilar items.
Required
a. Explain the meaning of (1) cost, (2) expense, and (3) loss as used for financial reporting in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. In your explanation discuss the distinguishing characteristics of the terms and their similarities and interrelationships.
b. Classify each of the following items as a cost, expense, loss or other category, and explain how the classification of each item may change:
i.
Cost of goods sold ii. Bad debts expense iii. Depreciation expense for plant machinery iv. Organization costs v. Spoiled goods
a. The terms period cost and product cost are sometimes used to describe certain items in financial statements. Define these terms and distinguish between them. To what types does each apply.

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CRM 2306 Lecture Notes - Ascribed Status, Vacuum, Erving Goffman

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