LIN 1300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Speech Community, Code-Switching, Diaphoneme
9 Dec 2016
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November 23rd 2016: abstraction : canadian french", american english". These give the impression that languages are discrete, self-contained entities that are relatively uniform or homogenous", in reality they are not: all languages include a considerable amount of social and regional variation. Variation in language: variation is not random/unpredictable, language exhibits structured or orderly heterogeneity (labov: language variation is systematically patterned / rule-governed ) E. g aspects of linguistic variation correlate with aspects of a person"s social identity (age, gender: sociolinguistic patterns : correlations between aspect of linguistic variation & social categories. Variables can be: (i) vocabulary (lexical) (ii) phonological (iii) grammatical soda/pop/coke running vs runnin (reduced) she was likesaidgo (reports speech) Variability : can be constrained by internal (linguistic) and external (social) factors. A: typically, they go out into speech communities (group of people speaking the same dialect) and record large amounts of speech from men and women in different age groups (different social classes, etc)
