PHI 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Lana Turner, High School Dropouts, Co-Premise

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHI 1101
• Professor: Sascha Maicher

Document Summary

Deductive: conclusion has to follow premise whether true or not. Inductive: premise support conclusion but don"t guarantee it. When have universal claims usually deductive arguments. That dog is a pitbull its mean for sure- unstated premise: all pitbulls are mean. Deductive arguments can be mathematical in nature. John is a bachelor therefore he is unmarried. That means everyone has to agree what bachelor means. Can be predictions, analogies (metaphors), often generalizations, often have causal elements/circumstances. Inference to the best explanation: what might be the most likely given our knowledge and circumstances. Ex: the argument of design: so much complexity in world it must have been designed/planned. Starts by explaining the occurrence, not conflict with established knowledge, involves the fewest unnecessary assumptions. Occam"s razor: good argument doesn"t needlessly add complications. Sometimes arguments combine individual and conjoined evidence. 1)[ the selling of human organs, such as kidneys, and corneas, should be outlawed. ] (2)