BIO200H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Acetylcholine, Partial Agonist, Atropine
Document Summary
Confounding factors in clinical trials (review from last lec): Due to od, drug interactions not found in clinical trials, drug-drug. Drug fails to act in the way it was supposed to: ex; grapefruit and adverse drug reactions because it inhibits enzyme that breaks down drugs in si, so it increases drug absorption of drug into bloodstream. Prolonged actions of drug, overlapping doses, and can even be fatal if unnoticed for a long time. Pharmacogenetics tries to predict and prevent any of this happening. Affects less than 200,000 infrequent occurrence: because of this, there isn"t a lot of funds so no expectation to recover drug since it"s quite infrequent. Drugs for rare disease are referred to as orphan. A lot of undeveloped nations are left underserved. The rational targets for these diseases are often unknown. 1983: orphan drug amendment: incentives for drug development for rare diseases: ~300 orphan drugs have since been developed; rare 82 diseases have since been treated.
