BIO200H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Bactericide, Methyltransferase, Bioavailability
Document Summary
Foreign molecules that enter the body = . Drugs/chemicals that enter the body are (eventually) eliminated. Enzymes in liver, skin, etc. metabolize drugs through 2 main types of reactions: Increase elimination by making drugs more hydrophilic. Mediated by enzymes that add big, bulky polar groups onto amide hydrolysis. Phase ii reactions: original drug or onto phase i products. Unmasking polar functional groups (ex. / de-methylation, etc. ) Takes place mostly in liver, by specialized enzymes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth er) of cells and other organelles. Addition of o atom in order to make it easier to metabolize. Smooth er microsomes contain certain classes of important enzymes involved in phase i reactions: Also need: (c) 2 enzymes for oxidation: oxidase . Reduced to iron (ii) (fe3+ to fe2+) centre; used in catalysis. Iron cation for catalyzing oxidation reaction. Rate of drug metabolism enhanced = increase rate of. If drug transforms into reactive metabolite can. Ex. / ethanol-mediated induction of cyp2e1 leads to.
