GGR208H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Natalism
1
jan 15
The current rapid pace of world population growth reflects comparatively low
mortality levels, fertility rates that remain high in much of the less and least
developed world, and the impact of a young population that remains in its
childbearing years.
The end result is that the world’s population will continue to grow for the
foreseeable future. While ewe may be content in this realization, it is only the
beginning of our discussion.
Why, for instance, are fertility rates relatively slow to decline, while mortality rates
decline early and rapidly?
What is the outlook for mortality, particularly in the face of HIV/AIDS?
How does immigration shift populations from country to country or within
countries?
What does population growth mean for the development and growth of urban areas
and the potential for conflict?
These, and other related issues, are explored more fully in the next few pages.
3
jan 29
While generally declining, fertility rates vary at the global and local scales.
Although low fertility is implicitly desired, resulting in slower or negative
population growth, there is little agreement on what constitutes a desirable rate of
population growth.
Is it sufficient to simply replace the current generation?
Can societies with below replacement fertility, such as many European countries,
survive politically and grow economically?
What are the political, economic, and social implications of below replacement
fertility?
In such countries, governments may actively promote fertility through pronatalist
policies, typically by providing financial incentives to couples.
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