BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nonsense Mutation, Sickle-Cell Disease, Somatic Cell
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A genome is the genetic material of a cell, organism, organelle, or a virus, and its sequence is the order of bases. Human genome contains lots of transposons: dna that can replicate and insert itself into new positions on the genome is the diploid compliment > the genome large genomes in euk b/c lots of introns genome. Heritable: stable enough to transfer to cell div. and to its next gen. Dna transposons: replicate and transpose via dna repair and replication. Mutations: any heritable change in the genetic material usually spontaneous. Can take place in germ cells or somatic cells. A nucleotide that does not change the type of amino acid is a. Types of mutations silent (synonymous) mutation (nonsynonymous) mutation eg. sickle cell anemia in cystic fibrosis. 3 bases), changes entire reading frame segment of chromosome. A nucleotide that does change the type of amino acid is a missense. A nucleotide that creates a stop codon is a non-sense mutation.
