BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Adenine, Exergonic Process, Membrane Transport Protein
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Oct 20 lec 19 ch 6 and 4 (76-85) respiration basics. The differences between passive and active transport (102, 105) Energy currency in the cell is adenosine triphosphate (atp) Atp breakdown to adp and water releases a phosphate group (hpo4 2-) and energy. Atp loses a phosphate group to become adp. Sodium potassium pump requires energy; sodium and potassium are moved against their concentration gradients. Supressing na+ k+ pumps save a lot of energy. Turtles survive hypoxia in a low metabolic state and in hypoxic turtle liver cells, the ion pumps take most of the available energy. Turtles survive hypoxic conditions by reducing the energy available to the ion pumps. Energy is released by the breaking down complex molecules into the simpler components. Exothermic because the reaction releases energy to the surroundings and energy available (delta g) is negative. The change in free energy may be calculated by. Energy released from food when molecules lose electrons: