BIOB10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Archaea, Mitochondrion, Zygote
8 Oct 2015
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Emphasis on eukaryotic cells > organelles: cell specialization is due to proteins (enzymes) Robert hooke w/ cork -> called them cells. Anton von leeuwenhoek -> looked at pond water and saw things ( animicules ) Cell theory -> matthias schleiden, botanist (1838)/ theodor schwann, zoologist (1839), rudolf virchow (1855) All organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the structural unit of life for all organisms. Cells can arise only by division from a pre-existing cell. Peptidoglycans (bacterial cell walls) vs. cellulose (plant cell walls) Cells possess genetic program & the means to use it. Cells are capable of reproducing more of themselves > mitosis + meiosis (dna replication) Cells acquire & utilize energy to develop & maintain complexity: photosynthesis + respiration, sun -> carbohydrates -> atp. Cells carry out many chemical reactions: enzymes (proteins)-use atp -> biocatalyst. Cells engage in numerous mechanical activities: intracellular transport -> aka motor cells carrying vesicles.
